Ports

Port 

Port scanning: in computing device a port is like a door which is used in data transmission and other services like charging, running a service-application etc.

A port provides interface between two devices to send and receive information/data.

Types of ports:-

             # Physical ports: also known as hardware port and external ports: ex, usb, type-c, micro usb,                        rj45lan, HDMI, vga, SD card port thunderbolt, audio-3.O etc.

             # Virtual ports: also known as pcp and udp ports internal ports, application port we have total                     65535 virtual ports in our computing devices.

> total no. of ports  = 65535

> range = 0-65534

# top 1024 (0-1023) ports known as predefined virtual ports/ fixed virtual ports/ reserved virtual ports.

#1024-65534 known as user defined virtual ports well known ports: IN WHATS APP


Some Predefined Virtual ports:

21- FTP (FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL) USED IN FILE UPLOAD AND DOWNLOAD

22- SSH (SECURE SHELL) IT PROVIDES AUTHENTICATION SERVICES IN TELNET

23- TELNET: USED IN REMOTE ACCESS LIKE: ANYDESK, TEAM VIEWER

25- SMTP  (SIMPLE MAIL TRANSFER PROTOCOL) USED TO SEND EMAILS

53- DNS   (DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM) IT TRANSLATE DOMAIN NAME INTO IP ADDRESS               AND VICE VERSA

80- HTTP (HYPER TEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL) USED IN WEB PAGES TO ACCESS

110- POP3 (POST OFFICE PROTOCOL 3) USED TO RECIEVE EMAIL 

143- IMAP  ( INTERNET MESSAGING ACCESS PROTOL) USED TO SEND EMAIL)

443- HTTPS (HYPER TEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL SECURE) TO ACCESS WEBSITE AND WEB PAGES


TCP/UDP PORTS

Tcp/Udp are data transmission protocol used in network data transmission between two devices.

Difference between Tcp and Udp

Transmission control protocol

User datagram protocol 

Speed: Tcp is slower in speed

            Udp is faster in speed

Reliability: Tcp is reliable 

                   Udp is non reliable

Data delivery guaranty: Tcp, 100% guaranty

                                       Udp, No guaranty

Data sequence: Tcp maintains data sequence

                         Udp does not maintain data sequence

Used in: Tcp used in reverse Communication

               Udp used in single way communication

Security: TCP is Secure

               UDP is Unsecure

Working concept: TCP based on 3way handshake  (YouTube, Online videos)

                              Udp no handshake                      (broadcasting)


Port manager:

For virtual ports:

> activity monitor (Mac OS)

> Top (terminal command for Linux UNIX)

> task manager (for Win OS)

> C ports ( current ports): (for Win OS/ Third party tool available on nirsoft.net)


For physical ports:

Regedit ( Registry editor/ inbuilt in win OS)

Anti-Port scanning Tools?

Anti virus

Firewall 

Ids/ Ips

 

Counter measures:

Anti virus

Honeypot (Other types of attack)

Firewall



  

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